Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Govindarajan Sumathy ¹, Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ¹, Balasubramanian Chandrakala ², Ramachandran Tamilsevi ³

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In dentistry field the inferior alveolar block technique is most common. The aim of this paper is to summaries the knowledge about the anatomy of the mandible and with the localization of anteroposterior and superoinferior position of the mandibular foramen in adult mandible and also to emphasize the most significant clinical suggestion of the current studies regarding anesthesia carried out in the area of the mandible.

Keywords

Mandible, Human Anatomy, Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block, Mandibular Foramen.

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Ramachandran Tamilselvi ¹, Malarvizhi Dakshinamoorthy ², Karthick Arumugam ², Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ³, Purushothaman Lakshmanan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, IN
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, IN
3 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, IN
4 Apollo Hospitals and Apollo White Dental & Sree Venkateshwara Dental College & Hosapital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The objective of this invitro study was to investigate, whether the remineralization potential of conventional GIC in human dentin could be improved by combining with CPP - ACP and nano hydroxyapatite. Class I cavities were prepared in sound human extracted third molars and they were randomly assigned to 3 groups according to the restorative materials. Group I: Conventional GIC, Group II:Conventional GIC and CPP-ACPand Group III: Conventional GIC powder & Nano hydroxy apatite. The samples were subjected to remineralizationand demineralization cycles for period of 2 weeks. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to evaluate the remineralization. The elemental compositions were analyzed using One way ANOVA, Post Hoc and Mann Whitney tests. The calcium and phosphate concentration were statistically significantly greater in Group III than Group I and II (P<0.05).Nanohydroxy apatite with GIC remineralized the demineralized dentin almost equal to normal dentin.

Clinical Relevance: GIC with nanohydroxy apatite might be superior restorative/base with an improved remineralization potential of dentin.

Keywords

GIC, DENTIN, HYDROXYAPATITE.

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Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ¹, Govindarajan Sumathy ¹, Balasubramanian Chandrakala ¹, Jinu Merlin Koshy ², Jayamathi Govindaraj ³, Kesavaram Padmavathy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Xylene is a colorless liquid with the molecular formula C8H10. A flammable, non-explosive aromatic hydrocarbon, xylene consists of a benzene ring with two attached methyl groups. Xylene occurs naturally in petroleum and small amounts occur in gasoline and jet fuel. It is used in paints, inks, glues and other products. The population at large is expected to be exposed primarily to mixed xylenes, rather than to any of the xylene isomers individually. The general population can be exposed to xylene via inhalation of indoor and workplace air, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, xylene-containing solvents, ingestion of contaminated drinking water, and dermal absorption of xylene containing products. Xylene is released primarily from industrial sources. The existence of hazards in the workplace has raised concerns about the potential of these substances for adverse effects.

Keywords

Xylene, Dyspnoea, Occupational.

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Govindarajan Sumathy ¹, Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ¹, Balasubramanian Chandrakala ¹, Jinu Merlin Koshy ², Jayamathi Govindaraj ³, Kesavaram Padmavathy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Biochemistry, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Xylene is an aromatic hydrocarbon known for its wide usage in tissue processing, staining and cover slipping in the histology laboratory. The hazards of xylene are well documented, making it a potential occupational hazard for the histopathological technicians. As every other profession became cautious of the occupational hazards, the very speciality that identifies the illnesses became one of the last to become aware and remedy its own hazards. This article aims to discuss the toxicity of xylene and safety measures to counteract the hazards of xylene.

Keywords

Toxicity of Xylene, Xylene Substitutes, Xylene.

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Kesavaram Padmavathy ¹, Raja Shanmuga Krishnan ², Krishnan Padma ³, Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Microbiology, Research Laboratory for Oral & Systemic Health, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Ganga Hospital, Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Microbiology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Diabetic Foot ulceration is one of the major devastating complication of diabetes. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) infected with multidrug resistant bacterial strains is often associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased treatment cost, significant morbidity and mortality. DFU infected with Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) if untreated may lead to amputation.

Materials & Method: Type 2 diabetic Subjects (Mean age 56 years)(n=27) with infected foot ulcers were included in his study.After wound debridement, samples were taken from the base of the ulcer using sterile cotton swabs and nasal swabs were also collected from the study subjects and were processed as per standard Microbiological methods.

Results: The overall isolation rate of S. aureus in DFU was 18.5%. Among the S. aureus isolates screened for MRSA, all the isolates from the DFU ulcers (n=4) and those isolated from the nares (n=3) of the diabetic subjects were found to be MRSA.Of note, 3 of the study subjects in whom MRSA was isolated from the DFU samples were found to harbour MRSA in their nares. Nevertheless, allthe isolateswere susceptible to linezolid, netillin, gentamicin and amikacin.No significant statistical difference was observed in the antimicrobial resistance percentage among the DFU and nasal isolates.

Conclusion: Our study results imply that, screening for MRSA colonisation would better predict a patient’s probability of MRSA infection and guide the clinicians in antimicrobial treatment decision making.

Keywords

Diabetic Foot, MRSA, Methicillin.

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Ramachandran Tamilsevi ¹, Balasubramanian Anuradha ¹, Veronica Arunakumari ¹, Ilango Porkodi ¹, Bhaskaran Sathyapriya ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Dental College & Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Various fields of dentistry have been revolutionized by smart materials. The need for an ideal restorative material resulted in invention of newer generation of materials in dentistry called the smart materials. The smart materials possess the properties which may be altered in a controlled fashion by various stimuli like, stress, temperature, moisture, pH and electric or magneticfields. Some of the smart materials are biomimetic and mimicthe natural enamel or dentin. The current dental materials were worked on to improvise their properties in order to make them smarter. The use of smart materials holds a promising future in terms of improved efficiency and reliability in dentistry. There is a strong trend in material science to develop and would potentially allow newer ground breaking dental therapies with drastically enhanced treatment outcomes.

Keywords

Materials, Resin, Implants, Fibers.

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